The Feast of the Epiphany, celebrated on 6th January, is upon us. Here are some of the celebrations from across Europe. Read:
Germany: Sternsinger and Sweet Treats
In Germany, the Epiphany is known as "Heilige Drei Könige" (Holy Three Kings), and the celebrations are a delightful mix of piety and festivity. One of the most cherished customs is the tradition of the “Sternsinger” or “star singers”. Children dressed as the Magi go door-to-door, singing carols and blessing homes. They write “20+C+M+B+XX” (with the last two digits representing the current year) in chalk above doorways. This stands for “Christus Mansionem Benedicat” (Christ bless this house) and is believed to bring blessings and protection.
German households also enjoy a special Epiphany cake or bread, often baked with a small figurine or almond hidden inside. The lucky person who finds the figurine is crowned “King” or “Queen” for the day, bringing a touch of royal fun to the family gathering.
Spain: Cabalgata de Reyes and Roscón de Reyes
In Spain, the Feast of the Epiphany, or "Día de los Reyes Magos" (Day of the Magi), is the highlight of the Christmas season. On the eve of Epiphany, cities and towns across the country host the spectacular “Cabalgata de Reyes” (Parade of the Kings). Elaborately decorated floats carry actors dressed as the Magi, who toss sweets and small gifts to children in the crowd. The event is a visual feast, with dazzling costumes, lights, and music creating an atmosphere of magic and wonder.
On the morning of 6th January, children excitedly open gifts brought by the Magi, who, according to tradition, deliver presents during the night. Families then gather to enjoy the “Roscón de Reyes,” a ring-shaped sweet bread decorated with candied fruits to resemble a king’s crown. Like the German cake, it hides surprises: a figurine of a king and a dried bean. Finding the king’s figurine grants you royal status for the day, while discovering the bean means you’ll have to buy next year’s roscón!
Italy: La Befana’s Special Visit
In Italy, Epiphany is intrinsically tied to the story of La Befana, a kindly old witch who delivers gifts to children on the night of 5th January. According to legend, the Magi invited La Befana to join their journey to Bethlehem, but she declined, only to regret it later. Ever since, she has wandered the world, leaving presents for good children and coal for the naughty ones.
Epiphany fairs and markets are a common sight in Italian towns, featuring sweets, toys, and other festive items. Families attend Mass and enjoy a traditional meal, often including “Panettone” or other regional treats. The warmth and whimsy of La Befana’s tale make the Italian Epiphany uniquely enchanting.
France: Galette des Rois
In France, the Epiphany is celebrated with the "Galette des Rois," a delicious puff pastry filled with frangipane (almond cream). Much like its European counterparts, this cake contains a hidden figurine known as the “fève.” The person who finds it in their slice is crowned king or queen for the day and wears a golden paper crown provided with the cake.
Families often come together for a lively afternoon of cake-cutting and storytelling. The Galette des Rois is so beloved that its celebration often extends throughout January, providing an excuse for more gatherings and sweet indulgence.
Poland: Processions and Blessings
In Poland, Epiphany is marked by solemn yet joyful traditions. Public processions reenact the journey of the Magi, with participants dressed in colourful costumes and carrying symbolic gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Chalk blessings similar to those in Germany are also a key feature, with families writing the traditional “C+M+B” above their doors.
Many Polish cities host large-scale “Orszak Trzech Króli” (Three Kings Processions), featuring live animals, carolling, and community celebrations. The feast is both a deeply spiritual occasion and a time for families to come together.
The Feast of the Epiphany in Europe is a vivid reminder of the unity and diversity within the Catholic Church. From the star singers of Germany to the parades of Spain and the enchanting tale of La Befana in Italy, each country adds its own flair to this sacred day. These customs not only honour the journey of the Magi but also bring communities together in joy, faith, and shared tradition.
